Letter R
ROUND CALCIFICATION
A calcification that is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm in size.
ROTATOR CUFF
Group of muscles and tendons that allow movement of the shoulder.
ROKITANSKY-ASCHOFF SINUS
Small outpouchings of gallbladder or small divots within the inner wall surface of the gallbladder. Can be associated with cholecystitis (“sick” gallbladder) and adenomyomatosis (see above in A section).
ROD-SHAPED CALCIFICATIONS
Calcifications that indicate secretory disease, a benign process. They are white on a mammogram. They are shaped like broken pieces of uncooked spaghetti noodles.
RINGDOWN ARTIFACT
Ultrasound finding that looks like comet tail in the sky. It can be seen with a small calcium deposit, cholesterol deposit, or sometimes foreign objects.
RIM CALCIFICATION
These look like white ovals or circles on mammograms. These are likely not cancerous. These can be associated with cysts or fat necrosis. These are also known as “egg shell calcifications”.
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Type of arthritis characterized by inflammation of joints and erosions (bony defects that look like rat bites).
RETROPERITONEAL
Means behind the peritoneum (a thin membrane or sac that contains the abdominal organs).
RETROLISTHESIS
Slippage of spine bone backwards.
RETENTION CYST
Also called a “mucous” retention cyst. A collection of fluid usually occurring in the sinuses. On CAT scan, retention cyst can look like polyps.
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