Letter E
EXTREMELY DENSE
This phrase is used in the standard sentence, “The breasts are extremely dense, which lowers the sensitivity of mammography.” It means that the breast is composed of more than 75% glandular tissue and less than 25% fat. Cancer looks like a white spot on a mammogram. Normal glandular tissue is also white on a mammogram. When there is more glandular tissue in the breast, cancer is harder to see/detect.
As an analogy, imagine trying to spot a white bear when it is snowing outside (in the North Pole). If it is snowing lightly, the white bear should be easy to detect. If there is a raging snow storm (blizzard), the white bear will be difficult to detect.
Back to the mammogram…Since there is more than 75% glandular tissue, breast cancer may be more difficult to detect in a breast that is “extremely dense”.
EXTRAPERITONEAL
Outside of the peritoneum (sac that contains our abdominal organs and intestine).
EXTRAHEPATIC
Outside of the liver. For example, extrahepatic bile duct means portion of the bile duct (draining tubes for gallbladder “juice”) that is located outside of the liver.
EXTRACAPSULAR RUPTURE
This is a type of breast implant rupture where the silicone leaks out of the implant bag AND out of the implant capsule. This may be seen on mammogram, ultrasound, or MRI. Please see “capsule” and “intracapsular rupture” for more information.
EXTRA-OCULAR MUSCLES
The muscles of the eye ball.
EXTRA-OCULAR
The space that immediately surrounds the eye ball.
EXTRA-AXIAL
The space located outside the brain tissue but under the skull. There are two extraaxial spaces – the subdural and epidural space.
EXTRA
Outside of something.
EXOPHYTIC
Means something is “sticking out” beyond the boundary of an area. For example, exophytic mass in the bone means a mass that “sticks out” beyond the edge of the bone.
EXOPHTHALMOS
A condition of the eye ball where it appears enlarged from excess fat in the eye socket pushing it out. It is usually seen with thyroid disease although there are many other causes such as infection, inflammation, and tumor.
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