Letter A
AZYGOS LOBE
A normal anatomy variant that is sometimes seen next to the right upper lobe.
AZYGOESOPHAGEAL LINE
A “line” that is seen between the right lung and the esophagus on a frontal chest x-ray.
AXONAL INJURY
An injury of the axons of the brain. The axons carry the electrical current of the brain. Often referred to as diffuse axonal injury, or “DAI”.
AXONAL
Of or referring to the axons of the brain. The axons are one of many types of nerve tissues in the brain.
AXIAL
Looking at the body from foot to head. Like slicing a piece of bread from side to side.
AVULSION
“Tearing” apart.
AVM
Arterio-venous malformation. Is a type of blood vessel abnormality where the artery and vein abnormally connect with each other. This causes problems of bleeding, aneurysms, and pressure effect on the brain.
AVASCULAR NECROSIS
Bone death from lack of blood supply.
AUTOIMMUNE
Disease process in which our immune system attacks our own body.
ATYPICAL DUCTAL HYPERPLASIA
This is the beginning stage of breast cancer formation but is not a breast cancer. You could consider it ‘pre-cancerous.’ Generally, the usual stages from normal tissue to cancer are: normal tissue –> atypical ductal hyperplasia –> ductal carcinoma in situ ( non-invasive breast cancer confined to the milk ducts) –> invasive ductal carcinoma (cancer spreading outside of the milk ducts).
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