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AVM
Arterio-venous malformation. Is a type of blood vessel abnormality where the artery and vein abnormally connect with each other. This causes problems of bleeding, aneurysms, and pressure effect on the brain.
AVULSION
"Tearing" apart.
AXIAL
Looking at the body from foot to head. Like slicing a piece of bread from side to side.
AXONAL
Of or referring to the axons of the brain. The axons are one of many types of nerve tissues in the brain.
AXONAL INJURY
An injury of the axons of the brain. The axons carry the electrical current of the brain. Often referred to as diffuse axonal injury, or “DAI”.
AZYGOESOPHAGEAL LINE
A “line” that is seen between the right lung and the esophagus on a frontal chest x-ray.
AZYGOS LOBE
A normal anatomy variant that is sometimes seen next to the right upper lobe.
BASAL
Lower or towards the base of a structure.
BASAL CISTERN
A CSF containing space located at the base or bottom of the brain.
BASAL GANGLIA
A normal part of the brain towards the middle that consists of the caudate nucleus, putamen, and globus pallidus. It helps in the control of movement. It is often a location for hemorrhage or bleeding in the brain usually as a result of high blood pressure. It is very sensitive to lack of oxygen and can be damaged by poisoning from carbon monoxide or inhalation of toxins.
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